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I grandi navigatori / 3 – Joshua Slocum

04/02/2021 134 Comments

Joshua Slocum è una figura leggendaria, la sua storia è tanto incredibile da sembrare un romanzo oppure un film. Tutti i grandi navigatori del ‘900 si sono ispirati a lui in modo o in un altro. Non è un caso se la barca con cui Bernard Moitessier compì la sua “lunga rotta” si chiamasse Joshua.

Slocum nacque nel 1844 in Canada e fin da piccolo si trovò immerso nell’ambiente marinaro. Scappò da casa all’età di 16 anni, dopo la morte della madre, imbarcandosi su un mercantile che faceva rotta su Dublino, in Irlanda. Durante quel viaggio il giovane Joshua ebbe l’opportunità di assimilare l’arte della navigazione.

Joshua Slocum

Negli anni successivi navigò su tutti gli oceani del mondo, approdò in Australia, Cina, Sud America, Alaska. Lo fece sia a bordo di navi a vela di sua proprietà che come ufficiale per compagnie mercantili. Le vicissitudini di quel periodo della vita di Slocum non sono oggetto di questo articolo, ma sono stupefacenti. Ricordiamo qua solamente il naufragio con la Aquidnek, nel quale Joshua perdette tutti i suoi averi, e il conseguente ritorno a casa, lungo le coste del continente americano, dal Brasile agli Stati Uniti, a bordo della Libertade, barca di 10 metri autocostruita e armata come una giunca cinese. Il nome di quest’ultima imbarcazione è dovuto al fatto che fu varata il 13 Maggio 1888, giorno in cui venne abolita la schiavitù in Brasile.

Sailing alone around the world

Sailing alone around the world è il titolo del libro in cui Slocum racconta la sua incredibile impresa a bordo dello Spray, la sua barca.

All’inizio degli anni ’90 del XIX secolo Joshua Slocum, ormai completamente in bancarotta, ricevette da un suo amico quella che doveva essere una semplice barca in disarmo. Ben presto il nostro protagonista si accorse che in realtà si trattava di un relitto. Non si perse d’animo e nei mesi successivi, profittando delle sue esperienze come maestro d’ascia, restaurò integralmente quella che diventerà una delle barche più importanti nella storia della navigazione, lo Spray.

Lo Spray

Il 24 Aprile 1895 è una data fondamentale per tutti coloro che sognano o hanno sognato di fare il giro del mondo in solitaria su una piccola imbarcazione a vela. A mezzogiorno Slocum salpa l’ancora nel porto di Boston e inizia il suo viaggio leggendario. Puntò verso Gibilterra, con l’idea di entrare in Mediterraneo e passare Suez. Cambiò idea all’ultimo però, e mise la prua a Sud Ovest ritornando verso il continente americano. Attraversò lo stretto di Magellano dopo aver dovuto affrontare 40 giorni di burrasca che gli impedirono inizialmente di passare in Pacifico. Proseguì verso l’Australia, doppiò Capo di Buona Speranza e riattraverò nuovamente l’Atlantico (le traversate atlantiche quindi saranno addirittura tre). Gettò l’ancora nel porto di Newport, il 27 Giugno 1898, dopo 46000 miglia. Erano passati più di tre anni dalla partenza e per la prima volta nella storia dell’umanità, una persona aveva circumnavigato il globo in solitaria. Le difficoltà furono incredibili, basti pensare che Slocum navigava senza un cronometro, non potendo quindi determinare con esattezza la sua longitudine, ma la capacità e soprattutto la forza di volontà di questo incredibile marinaio furono più forti di qualsiasi avversità. Lo Spray fece la sua parte. Era una barca incredibile, Joshua scrive nel suo libro di avere fatto 2000 miglia consecutive senza dover mai toccare il timone!

La rotta di Slocum e dello Spray

La vita di Slocum fu leggendaria e la sua morte morte lo fu altrettanto. Il 14 Novembre 1909 partì per un viaggio che lo avrebbe portato nelle Indie Occidentali. Un viaggio “semplice” se paragonato alle sue imprese passate. Joshua non arrivò mai a destinazione. Né lui né lo Spray vennero mai più ritrovati. Nessuno sa che fine fecero. A noi piace pensare che stia ancora navigando, chissà che in qualche traversata oceanica non ci sia concesso di vedere all’orizzonte le vele dello Spray con a bordo il suo comandante.

Benny
https://www.timshelboat.it

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